Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR)

Roosevelt's Childhood-  Franklin Delano Roosevelt was born on January 30, 1882 in the city of Hudson Valley, Hyde Park, New York. Roosevelt's father was 54 at the time of his birth. His father's name is James Roosevelt and mother's name was Sara Ann Delano Roosevelt, who had a very positive influence and great in your child. Sara Roosevelt was James Roosevelt was French and Dutch. Franklin's parents took them to different places in Europe which opened his vision of many things in the external world. During the first eight years of life of Roosevelt, was educated by private tutors. At the age of nine Roosevelt attended his first school in Bad Nauheim. Since Roosevelt was a kid was a quick and outgoing person who seemed to enjoy the company of others. A Roosevelt teacher said he was a "bright young man", which can also make friends in an instant. When Roosevelt was fourteen, he and one of his tutors was on tour in Germany while riding a bicycle. He and his tutor were arrested several times for traffic violations small, but Roosevelt always talk his way out of a ticket every time.

That fall, Roosevelt was sent to Groton (Groton is one of the most exclusive schools of America). In this school, Roosevelt had to pay five hundred dollars a year. A family lived intermediate in time two hundred seventy dollars. This shows that the school paid almost twice what a family can afford intermediate in a year. As Roosevelt's mother, all employees of the school made sure that Roosevelt was not a spoiled child. "Do not be spoiled" is rule number one school. The director said that Franklin is beyond normal intelligence, but not great. Roosevelt was fourth smartest guy in the class of nineteen students. Franklin was what was considered popular in school at the time. Popularity meant he has many friends and is well liked by most students and teachers.

FDR's Education-Like I said before, Roosevelt was taught by tutors until he was eight and attended his first school in 1896 at age nine at Bad Nauheim. After Roosevelt attended Harvard after graduating from Groton in 1900. In his second year at Harvard (1901), his fifth cousin Theodore Roosevelt (who also called "Teddy" Roosevelt) became the 26th president in the United States and is also the youngest president ever elected as president in U.S. . During his time at Harvard, Roosevelt discovered he had an obsession with the law which then went to study the laws of the United States in the city of New York at Columbia Law School. In Roosevelt's first year in law school scored multiples of B and C, and only a single D. Roosevelt has these grades mostly because he spent more time socializing and did very little work.

Roosevelt also began to spend money freely. Franklin could do all this now because it is away from his mother and not following school rules Groton. One of his teachers also commented that Franklin was "A little aptitude for the law," that means it's a bit talented in the law. However, the two other years he was at Columbia Law School, Roosevelt had the greatest degree imaginable and actually passed the highest point I could get as a grade in school. So as soon as possible, Roosevelt left school in 1907 and did not graduate because he wanted to be a lawyer at once and not even think twice about returning to law school. Then, a year later, Roosevelt approved the bar exam in the state of New York that led him to get a job with a prestigious Wall Street firm named Carter, Ledyard and Milburn. Roosevelt was hired to deal mainly with corporate law, this means that the work of Roosevelt was all he had to do with the business of law. So if Roosevelt went to school from 1896-1907 that means that formal education was only eleven. Franklin Delano Roosevelt had a total duration of four years in Groton (1896-1900), four years at Harvard University (1900-1904) and three years at Columbia Law School (1904-1907).

An important event in life that impact who was Franklin Delano Roosevelt-The most important event in the life of Roosevelt was in 1921, when Franklin was only thirty-nine years old, he developed a paralytic disease when caught a fever after deeply exercise that summer in Canada. Roosevelt first fell by chance on a cold bay. Then he ran around the entire island of Campobello and swam for a while in Lake Glen Severn. When Roosevelt arrived home, immediately complained of back pain and was cold during the night. The next day, one of his legs felt weak and that afternoon, I had a weak leg was paralyzed. Then the other leg began to feel weak. That evening also paralyzed. Now Roosevelt is disabled to walk or stand. His bladder was also paralyzed. Roosevelt could not evacuate for more than two weeks. Then two weeks later Roosevelt developed polio. Polio has a one percent chance of getting into your nervous system and paralyze human. Although this percentage is too small, even Roosevelt developed paralysis from the chest down.

Franklin wanted to hide his paralysis from the public when he was president because he did not want people to think differently of him, so that most of the photos I took looked like he was not paralyzed. As these;

Moreover, Roosevelt has only two pictures taken in his wheelchair. However, we do not know if there are even more that have not been disclosed publicly.

How Roosevelt connects to our history-Franklin Delano Roosevelt was president during World War II. He took us through WWII successfully. Roosevelt also helped reduce the impact of the Great Depression to the people of the United States. In the beginning of the Great Depression, Franklin Roosevelt was president, was Herbert Hoover. Herbert Hoover tried to help with the Great Depression, but the unemployment rate was still an unemployment rate that was too big, come-and-five percent. When Roosevelt became president, he immediately agreed to cut the unemployment rate down to fourteen percent. But Franklin's greatest success was in 1943 when the Great Depression to help, was in the middle of World War II, and even when at war, Roosevelt was able to lower the unemployment rate to two percent. Some people said that the Great Depression ended because at that time, the U.S. need many troops for war. So if many people are drawn to the army, anyone has the opportunity to take the work one of the American soldiers had before being welded. Moreover, because the government is spending more money now, there are more job opportunities growing to try to get the U.S. economy at a normal rate.

President Roosevelt was so good, that the people of the United States four times elected him as president. Roosevelt completed a total of twelve years in office the presidential office.
     
Unfortunately, on April 12, 1945 during the fourth term of office, Roosevelt died of a stroke at age 63. Until today, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt is still remembered for his great deeds and still be remembered for decades to come.

Abraham Lincoln (Biography)

                           Abraham Lincoln’s childhood

Lincoln was born in Hardin County, Kentucky (Hardin County is now LaRue County) on February 12, 1809. Then, Lincoln moved to Indiana at just seven years of age (1816). Two years later his mom Nancy Lincoln died because of milk sickness (1818) however he was very close to his stepmother. Abraham’s father was named Thomas Lincoln who was a farmer and a carpenter. Abraham Lincoln had only one sibling who was named Sarah Grigsby. Sarah Grigsby then died in her twenties at the exact same time when she was giving birth to her baby.

When Abraham Lincoln was born, his father Thomas Lincoln owned two Six-hundred acre farms, a couple of town lots, livestock and horses. Thomas Lincoln was in fact one of the richest men in the County. But, unfortunately in 1816 Thomas had a major downfall in which he lost all his land to court cases of faulty property title meaning that they did not have a legal document saying that the property belonged to them. For that was the reason in why their family moved to a free piece of land in Perry County, Indiana. In that land was where they made a new start.

When Lincoln was a pre-teen he majorly disliked the hard work in the frontier life. Some people both in his family and neighborhood considered Abraham Lincoln being lazy. Then as he grew into being a teen he had 100% full responsibility for all chores that were expected from teen males in a household at the time. Lincoln also became a very skilled axman in his work building rail fences. Lincoln was known as a brawn (has solid and strong muscles) person that’s willing to take bold risks especially when he was challenged to a wrestling match with one of the most competitive wrestlers in his neighborhood.  

                         Abraham Lincoln’s education

Abraham Lincoln had one year of school education however, throughout his life he has been taught by many different people. One of Abraham Lincoln’s passions as a child was reading books. They say that Abraham Lincoln would read and learn from any (and that means any) book that he can get his hands on. Abraham’s passion for reading began when his stepmother forced him to read books every day. After a while Lincoln began getting use to reading and at the same time, began enjoying books as well. Abraham Lincoln was majorly a self-educated man. Lincoln loved reading so much that even at night he would read with the light from the fire place. Sometimes Lincoln would even stop doing chores to read. Every time his father saw him reading instead of doing chores, he would scold Lincoln.  

Abraham Lincoln went to school at a really young age so he just basically learned the ABC’s and also how to read and write. At that time the schools he went to were called ABC schools or “Blab school”. The reason why Abraham is education was stopped was because he had no time to go to school; most of his time was dedicated to helping his father with the chores. One way that Lincoln practiced to write when he wasn’t in school was by writing on hickory bark. When the hickory got full of writing Lincoln would just take a drawknife and shave off all of the writing and then start writing again. After all, Abraham Lincoln was a keen reader. When he was older, his top favorite thing to read was the newspaper. But he also read other types of books and several of the books were about Shakespeare.

However Abraham Lincoln’s stepmother had another role that she also played in his education. His stepmother remembered poems (that her mother use to tell her in her childhood) even dough she did not know how to read. She also gave Lincoln three books to read.

As Abraham Lincoln became a teenager he was intrigued with the laws of the land and country so he started focusing and studying around that topic. Then, after he moved he became a lawyer. A way in which Abe remembered things when he was an adult was by keeping things in his hat. That hat he had was called “stovepipe hat”.

   Important event that impacted who Abraham Lincoln was

The most important event in Abraham Lincoln’s life was when he became the 16th president in November 6 of 1860. The reason why he being the president changed his life was because during his presidency he finally became successful and after so many chances that he had to become successful; every one of those chances were some how blown away. that  His vice president during his presidency was Andrew Johnson. Sadly his presidency only lasted five years until he was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth. The assassination happened around 10:15 in the late evening. The gun the Booth used to kill Lincoln was the .40 caliber Philadelphia derringer. Lincoln was shot behind his left ear. However, Lincoln was guarded by a major named Rathbone who went to grab booth before he through himself of the stand. But, Booth was also carrying a dagger in which he used to stab Rathbone with it. Then Rathbone quickly got up and Booth then stabbed him again. His killer John Wilkes Booth then hopped of the stand where Abraham Lincoln was sitting and broke his left leg. The crowd hadn’t noticed the gunshot because at the moment that Booth shot, the funniest line of the play made everyone in the theater laugh as loud as possible. Booth went across the stage saying, “Sic Semper Tyrannis” making his self look as if he were part of the play. Rathbone then screamed, “Stop him” the in which the crowd quickly reacted to catch Booth. Booth then limped towards the door and struck a man named Boroughs in the forehead with his dagger and then escaped on his horse also in which he kicked Boroughs in the face too.

          However Lincoln did not die instantly. Lincoln was taken to a boarding house across the street where he died the next day (April 15, 1865) at 7:22 a.m. Twelve days later Booth was surrounded by soldiers in the farm he had been hiding in with his partner Herold. Herold surrendered when he noticed all the soldiers surrounding the farm. Booth screamed, “You’ll never take me alive” and at that moment soldiers started shooting at the barn Booth was in. A soldier quietly came through behind the barn and shot Booth just one inch below the spot where Lincoln was shot. Booth died on the ground he was in 2 hours later. His 4 other partners were executed. Abraham Lincoln’s death is one of the biggest moments in history even today one and a half centuries in the future.

    How Abraham Lincoln is connected to our history (what he did)

Abraham Lincoln led our country through the civil war and still preserved the Union; meaning that he kept the United States together (even dough Abraham Lincoln supported the Union and not the Confederacy) instead of having it divided into two different countries; going through a Civil war while keeping your country together must have been very hard to do so this is a sign of true presidency and great leadership. Lincoln also bought Alaska from Russia which would have been different today if it weren’t for Lincoln. Abraham Lincoln also signed the Land grant Colleges act in 1862 which provided government grants for Universities at every state. Lincoln also presided over the formation of national banks which benefited us with a strong financial system all over the country. And, even when Abraham Lincoln was occupied fighting in the civil war, he tried his best to help out Juarez in Mexico by sending him 30,000 muskets to his army. This shows that a president’s leadership is not only caring for your country, but is also made up of caring for other countries too.

But one of the most important things that Lincoln is known for doing is freeing the slaves by creating the emancipation proclamation in the year of 1863. This was majorly important because slavery was a catastrophic event in which no human should ever go through. Slavery has broken apart millions of families and affected over fifteen million Africans. In account to slavery, Lincoln approved the thirteenth amendment to the United States Constitution. The thirteenth amendment was the amendment that abolished slavery (and involuntary servitude) in America; meaning that slavery would not be used anymore and that slavery would not be used in the United States anytime in the future as well. To the amendment, laws were made stating that whoever enslaved or had someone to serve them at force would be held with charges of slavery against them. Slaves were not freed immediately; they were freed after the thirteenth amendment was made. However the thirteenth amendment is final enactment was made after President Lincoln’s death. Lincoln has truly left many great precedents for future presidents to take into consideration.           

Bipolar disorder

Definition; Bipolar disorder is most commonly defined as a disorder in which a person has double personality (meaning that the entity has two completely different personalities). The difference in between these two personalities is that one is manic and the other is depressive. These personalities are completely antithesis to each other. We humans can hit these points like for example humans might get depressed or manic. But at one point we will always go back to normal (which means that humans have a balance in between manic and depression). However, people with Bipolar Disorder have a misbalance in between the three personalities (manic, depression and neutral). Some times people with this disorder might be normal and then get depressed and suddenly jump from depression to manic and then go back to depression. Bipolar disorder can be easily determined if someone has gone through these traits in front of you.

However experiments have determined that some people might be able to hide their manic episodes from others. When mania in the person is mild it is called hypomania and when depression is mild it is called mild to moderate depression.

Symptoms;

• Symptoms of mania are; Feeling unusually “high” and optimistic
• Unrealistic, beliefs about one’s abilities or powers
• Sleeping very little, but feeling extremely energetic
• Talking so fast that others can’t keep up
• Racing thoughts; jumping quickly from one idea to the next
• Highly distractible
• Impaired judgment and impulsiveness
• Acting recklessly without thinking about the consequences
• Delusions and hallucinations (most  cases)

Other Signs of Bipolar Disorder are;

• Bipolar 1 Disorder– The classic manic-depressive form of the illness characterized by at least one manic episode or mixed episode. Usually Bipolar I Disorder also involves at least one episode of depression.
• Bipolar 2 Disorder – In Bipolar II disorder, the person doesn’t experience extreme manic episodes. Instead, the disorder involves episodes of hypomania and severe depression.
• Cyclothymia (Cylothmic disorder) – Cyclothymia is a milder form of bipolar disorder. It consists of cyclical (many different) mood swings. However, the symptoms are less severe than hyper mania or “high” depression.

Case Study; I found this interesting case study on this 45 year old lawyer named Stephen who also has two children of his own. Stephen was diagnosed with bipolar disorder. On this case Stephen said that he had great deal of stress and anxiety. Stephan also stated that he was frustrated with his inability to explain everything he experienced. Also, he was unable to relax and enjoy fun activities like watching a movie or taking a vacation. Stephen also was unable to stop thinking about issues that had to do with his job. Matthew went through weekly counseling sessions to tackle the unhealthy thought and behavior patterns he had developed as a result of his disorder. At the end of his treatment, Stephen gained positive results like a dramatic change in his psychological states. Now, Stephen can control himself and has gentleness and calmness. Now, Stephen has no uncontrollable thought patterns like he use to have years before. Now his mind is finally stable.

Excerpts;

Both these excerpts are extremely odd. They do not look like any of the normal writing a normal mind would write. These are actual excerpts from people with real bipolar disorder. This shows how people with this disorder have an unstable mind that can jump through cyclical (many different) ideas/topics.

                            Who is bipolar disorder most likely to affect?

Well, men are more prone to get bipolar at an earlier age (specifically before puberty starts). But still, both genders can get bipolar disorder at an even range. The types of mood episodes men and women with bipolar disorder experience are slightly different. In general, women experience more episodes of depression and are more likely to develop bipolar II disorder, which is a milder form of the disorder. Men, on the other hand, are more prone to manic episodes and tend to have more severe forms of bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder commonly develops in teens rather than in adults. However one race has a very, very low chance of getting bipolar disorder and that race is Asian. Look at the graph below;

               People medically attended for bipolar disorder (1,000 people per age group)

 Here you can see that kids from 0-12 and the elderly over 65 years have the lowest risk of developing bipolar disorder. But in the other hand, teenagers have the highest risk of developing bipolar disorder. I decided not to put “Asians” on this chart because I am doing this by age group, not by race. But, if “Asians” were on this chart, out of 1,000 Asians; only seven would have bipolar disorder!

Etiology of Bipolar Disorder- Bipolar disorder tends to run in a family. That means that if a man has bipolar disorder and then has a child, the child has a high risk of developing bipolar disorder however it isn’t a 100% guaranteed, there is also a chance that the child will live their life normally. A child with a bipolar parent has a 15%-25% chance of developing bipolar disorder too which is high if you ask me. If you were born with a non-identical twin (meaning both of you were born at the same time but, none of you look alike) that has bipolar disorder, you have a 25% chance of developing the disease as well. But the greatest chance is if you are born with an identical twin (both of you have same genetic material) that has bipolar disorder the chances are Eight times higher then being born with a non-identical twin. That means it’s almost impossible to avoid being bipolar if you are born with an identical twin that has bipolar disorder!

Prognosis of Bipolar Disorder- Bipolar disorder can be severe and last a long time period, or it can be mild with small episodes that aren’t as bad. Patients with this disease will experience symptoms in very dissimilar ways. A typical patient with bipolar disorder has 7 to 10 manic or depressive episodes over a lifetime. However, some people experience more episodes and some less.

Medicinal treatments for bipolar disorder- Most treatment plans for bipolar disorder involve a type of medication that suits you. The medications are used to bring mania and depression at a controllable level. But, the medication isn’t any old drug that anyone that’s bipolar can take; many bipolar people have a different type of drug or dose. It is tough to find the right drug that suits you. It is important to work with a specialist and evaluate yourself several times a year because the optimum dose can and may change over time do to your mental health.

Therapeutic treatments for bipolar disorder- Along with medications, therapy are common in most treatment plans. Therapy helps you to manage your symptoms and it helps to sustain a normal lifestyle. They also say it helps with the struggle in life’s difficulties.

Electroconvulsive Therapy­ (ECT) - ECT is a treatment for hospitalized patients that are suicidal, dangerous or dangerously psychotic. These conditions are found in 75% of the patients that take ECT. In electroconvulsive therapy, an electric current is sent through the scalp to the brain. ECT is the fastest way to relieve symptoms from people that are suffering from mania or severe depression.

My opinion on mental illnesses- Mental illnesses are something bad that can come into anyone’s life, affecting their everyday life in a negative way. When someone has a mental illness they do not act like themselves due to the type of illness that they have but, everyone always has a chance to return to a regular life. I think that a mental illness is just in obstacle in life that anyone can overcome if they try hard enough.

Other opinions- I think that it is important to learn about conditions that affect the mind because, if a friend, a loved or you have any of the symptoms of a mental illness, you can start understanding what type of mental illness they/you have and can start speaking to a professional. Also knowing a lot about mental illnesses can open up many successful job opportunities.

Things we can do to alleviate mental stress- It is proven in experiments that people who take a time of the day to sit outside and look at nature have less stress, behave better and also spend more time sharing with their families. So always remember once in a while to enjoy the sunset or take a walk in a park for it may benefit a lot more than you expected.

The causes and effects of westward expansion on Americans during the mid to late 1800’s

          One of the causes of westward expansion was that, a man named Horace Greeley published a news paper telling people to move westward. Another cause that made our people move westward was that, the Government was offering land to whoever moved to the west. Example; The Government said that whatever land they find in the west would be theirs for free and that you can also find many riches in the far west. This is also connected to the American dream. Some stuff of the American dream is, starting a new life, finding wealth and having a family. Like the saying, having a white picket fence house. However, the American dream was a Manifest Destiny. The American dream was far beyond this because what the Government stated wasn’t exactly true. Manifest means paranormal and destiny means meant to be. So, this is a meant to be paranormal journey. Another cause that made people move westward was that many cities were crowded so most people didn’t have enough space to be comfortable enough to live a normal life. The start of this American dream was in the mid 1800’s in Missouri. Many people would follow the Oregon Trail that started in Missouri and ended in Oregon in order to move farther west. Most people would walk the trail but other people used ox’s to pull their schooners up the trail. Other people like the Mormons also moved westward to start a new life since they were discriminated because of their religion. Some effects of westward expansion was that, (exact amount unknown) 20,000 to 30,000 people died by traveling on the Oregon Trail. Do to the harsh obstacles the travelers had to face like harsh weathers, rivers and high mountains and also, the Native Americans. Most travelers had to literally leave everything behind in order to continue the American dream. A positive effect of westward expansion was that over 250,000 Americans successfully moved westward.             

Chen Guangcheng out of U.S embassy

Basically, Mr. Chen was forced out of the U.S embassy by Chinese officials. I think that this is a catastrophe, something that should never be done because the way in which Mr. Chen was forced out of the embassy was that Chinese officials threatened to beat his wife if Mr. Chen continued under American protection. But then they changed and reversed the message that they gave to Mr. Chen by saying that they said, they would send his wife back to Shandong and that, no one could assure her safety there. Also, that if his family is put in Shandong, he would be able to reunite with his family once again. One moral I saw in this story is that6, family is more important then everything. Mr. Chen left his important job just to be back reunited with his family once again. But in the other hand, after escaping house arrest and seeking asylum from the U.S embassy, he should be able to know that, his country would try to retaliate against his wife and son since he is violating China’s domestic policy. But, beating his wife is no what to resolve this conflict. The Chinese said they will investigate the authorities that sent Mr. Chen this harsh message. I think that they said this just to show that they never threatened to resolve this in a way using violence. Their simply just trying to full the U.S saying that Chen had been given the wrong message. At least back in china they gave Chen Guangchen some liberties like letting him study law in one of China’s 7 cities. The U.S also showed respect by pledging that he gets some funds for Mr. Chen’s teachings and for his family. My question is; why did Obama turn over this freedom activist who escaped back to the Chinese authorities? And mostly because it would cause confusion and disturbance for the U.S. I guess Obama cared about his family too but, was it worth the risk? A freedom activist is an activist that acts upon his or her beliefs based on their countries freedom (people in the countries freedom). Activists also go against anyone that has the antithesis beliefs they have. The countries freedom could become more inferior then before.   

Youtube Hacked?

I saw this when I tried to log in to my Youtube account.

What is a confounding variable

          A confounding variable is a variable that correlates with both dependent and independent variable.

Example: For example if there is a group of are scientists studying smoking and deaths in America they would see how many people have died from consuming too much cigarettes and they would see the statistical relationships between people smoking and deaths in the united states. They would see if people who smoke in United States increase the rate of deaths in a year for the United States. 

About Cabbage

Cabbage is a healthy vegetable that helps your digestion and increases your antibodies. It can also speed up the curing of ulcer. It also reduces risk of eye cataract, colon, and stomach and lung cancer. It reduces the risk of heart problems. It gives you plenty of vitamin A, B, C and E. Also includes minerals and fibers. It’s also, really good for people suffering from anemia. Eating it raw will give lots of vitamin C and E. But if you cook it, it loses a lot of its nutritional values. Cabbage has a lot of magnesium, calcium, sulfur and iron.

            People eat cabbage because they know it’s healthy for them and it has a little taste in it. They also eat it because; cabbage is to show prosperity for the new years in America. Also it’s to bring money to the New Year. There are different theories on why people eat cabbage which is either to bring good luck, bring money or for anything else.  

Difference between evaporate, dissolve and granulated

            The difference between evaporation, dissolve and granulated is that each mean something different in their own way. Evaporate is when a type of liquid (for example water) gets or absorbs too much heat and turns into a gas (for water; water vapor). Granulated is when something (for example sugar) is broken down into small chunks and/or pieces (like taking a sugar cube and smashing it with a heavy object). Dissolve means (for a solid) to be put in a liquid (like water) to form a solution. In other words, to be melted and/or be put into really small pieces until not visible from the human eye or from microscopic view.  

Leukemia, osteoporosis and Bursitis

Leukemia: The cause of most human leukemia is unknown. It is a kind of cancer in which weird white blood cells multiply in an uncontrolled manner. They interfere with the production of normal white blood cells. Leukemia also, affects the production of red blood cells.

Bursitis: Bursitis is a disorder that causes pain in the body's joints. It commonly affects the shoulder and hip joints. It is caused by an inflammation of the bursa, small bags filled with fluid that act as lubricating surfaces for muscles to move over bones. This inflammation usually results from over activity of an arm or leg. Symptoms include; stiffness, swelling, warmth, red arm/s and it hurts when you move the join that is being affected.

Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis is a disease when the bone has tissue loss. In osteoporosis, the affected bone loses calcium, becomes thinner, and might disappear.  

Christopher Columbus discovering of America (New World)

Christopher Columbus was going to go to Asia sailing west. Also that Christopher Columbus is Italian. But he did not get there right away. To go he had to gave money which is a certain amount he didn’t have. He begged all king a kings for about 6 years until the king and queen of Spain funded him with the money. Other kings and queens thought that the world was flat. They thought that if u passes the horizon that you would fall out of earth. But the king and queen of Spain thought differently. They thought that if it really worked that they would be richer for making that journey possible. So that’s what they exactly did. They funded Christopher Columbus is group with a sufficient amount of money so they can make their journey. Christopher wanted to sail to the west to Asia to try to invent something new. Also because they would have to travel by land to get to Asia through the Silk Road. They would often be attacked by robbers who would steal their silk. Plus it also took them a very long time to get the silk and spices because they would have to go over mountains and go around little rivers and they would travel by horse (only way to travel in those days).  They started sailing in August of 1492. The crew had the advantage of Christopher Columbus because he learned to sail at the age 14. He went on the journey with 87 crew members on board. They had gone to “Asia” with 3 ships. The names of the three ships were Santa Maria, La Nina and Pinta. Christopher was in the ship Santa Maria. As they went along they bumped in to land which Christopher thought was Asia. But it was really the West Indies (Caribbean). The first island he ran into in the Caribbean was the Bahamas. He got their within 29 days (a month) of sailing. Once he was there he found gold and took it to take it back to the Europeans. He also kidnapped some Native Americans to bring them back to Europe. He returns to Spain in the year 1943 with the gold, Native Americans and exotic plants. Once the king and queen of Spain saw what he had discovered did, they continued to fund him. When Christopher was back everybody thought he was a hero. So after that the exploration of the 3g’s started existing. The three G’s where, God, Gold, glory. For the God part the people of Europe wanted to teach the Native Americans the way of the God. They wanted to force them to be catholic.                                                             

How the Spanish got their people to go to the 'New World'

Spain made ​​the Spanish fence to the thirteen American colonies that were offered a major concession was called encomienda. The people who did not have much land in Europe were the 13 colonies to get more land. The hand that did work were the Native Americans. The responsibilities of the owners of the parcels was to teach Christianityand pay a fair wage for natives. Natives who did labor now were slaves because they were treated very badly and Native Americans were treated very cruel and they workedand worked until dark. They were treated almost the same as or treated as a slave. 

The 4 different social classes of New Spain

The first and highest class is peninsular. Important role of a Peninsular is being part of the government. Also is for them to hold important churches in New Spain. The third important role of a peninsular is to own land and colonize all over New Spain. They also have pure Spanish blood. Peninsular are colonists from Spain. The next in the list of social classes has pure Spanish blood except, they were born in New Spain. Their parents are from Spain and they were born in New Spain. That class is called Criollo. One role that Criollo`s had was that they owned most land and mines. Another important role they had is related to the first one. They would sell a lot of land to the peninsular. The last role that they have is, they don’t have much power but they use slaves to take care of the land. The next on the list is called Mestizo. The roles that they use to be hard workers and now since Spain rules, they are not hard workers. Now they work a little and are not so wealthy. Also, they can never take part of the government. Mestizos are part Spanish and part native (Aztec). They also own a small not so wealthy shop were people don’t really go to. The last on the list of social classes are, Malatto. Malatto work in the Mestizo shops and are very poor. Later on their job will be as slaves. Their origin is, part Spanish and part African. They were very low in the class so, later on in history, all Mallatos become slaves.                  

English making their way into the new world

The English began to make their way to the new world to establish colonies by many different ways. One thing between those things is that the English were really competitive with the Spanish to control territories in the new world. Both of the countries had naval battles with each other. In the sixteen-hundreds England comes to the new world and settles there. When England defeated Spain in a naval battle, they rapidly started to populate. A place where they made a settlement was in the east of Virginia. This settlement was called, Roanoke. This was a town that wasn’t so densely populated but, the English started get more people into it. This was England`s first attempt to make a permanent colony. Roanoke was established by the English in fifteen-eighty-seven. This colony was supplied once a year which was a bad idea since people could get starved easily. But when they were going to give food, England got in a naval fight with Spain. They got to distracted in the fight that, they forgot to bring food and supplies to Roanoke for three years. Once they come back from the fight, they found nothing in the whole town. Only a piece of log that had a man’s skull on it the said Croaton. They also found a corpse with crosses. It all looked very disappointing and dark. Instead of reporting what they saw, the English erased the evidence. The English erased the evidence so the people in England wouldn’t stop from settling there. There are three theories to what could have happen. The first is that, they thought Spanish conquistadores went there and killed their people. The second theory is that the English settlers that lived there could have blended in with the natives. The last theory is that the town people felt so hungry so then decided to leave on ships and then those ships sank. The English cover up the corpses left behind and remodel so it looks much better. Know since they covered it up, more people want to go (settlers want to go) so know they can make a good colony.                 

Bad Milk?

Many scientists have studied milk and said that we absorb a lot of calcium from it but modern scientists have discovered that, that was a myth. They discovered that milk doesn’t boost up the calcium that goes into your bones but, it takes away calcium from your bones which make it dangerous to consume milk a lot. We barely absorb calcium from the milk; even dough scientist’s milk is good for your bones. We mostly don’t absorb the milk is nutrients if its pasteurized milk.

            Here’s how it does the opposite, it acidifies (turns into liquid) the body ph (potential hydrogen) which will make a biological correction. Calcium is an excellent acid controller and the most storage of calcium in the body is in the bones. So since the calcium is stored in the bones and it is used to control our acid, the calcium will be pulled out of the bones and exit through the urine. This all leads to a decrease in calcium for the bones since all of the bones calcium storage is being pulled out by acid so it could be neutralized.

(To be added on to) 

Have a "Good Life" by maintaining you health and physical activity

                How to have a "Good Life" by maintaining your health

Physical activities are all things you do physically (using the body as, running, walking,etc..) The Majority of physical activity we do, we do not we are realizing that we aredoing. For example, we walk every day dog does not know that is a physical activity.Another example is to lift things like dishes and notebooks. Many physical activities do it on purpose because it's fun or because we have more fitness for something specific. For example, we run to have more physical ability run, lift weights to give a baseball harder,and so on.

To have a good life we ​​have to maintain our health. To maintain the health of you canmake healthier food choices, food choices and nutritional drinks and being physicallyactive for most of the week. It is also good to eat, soup of vegetables and fruits, foods that give you energy and foods with whole grains such as corn, rice, whole wheat flour *,quinoa, and amaranth. For foods that give you energy, here is an example of a foodgives you energy, Oatmeal in the morning stays with you and gives you long-term energyand a full stomach remains full. The instant oatmeal does not have much fiber, which hacino effect. Haci as they say, breakfast is a big part of your energy for the entire day. All you have fiber, gives us more energy and keeps our digestive system in good condition.Fiber-rich foods are: cereal, raspberry, pear, apple, banana, orange and raisins. Fiber is found mostly in grains but appear more whole grains, not refined grains. It is good to have fat, but we need a lot of fat daily to keep our skin in good condition. These are many ideas to maintain your health.

(To be added on to)

End of the world 2012?

                   The beginning of the end?

Its 2012, will the world still exist to the year 2013, or will it end on December 21^st of 2012. This is one of the most popular controversial topics many people have been talking about. It’s all over radios, talk shows and it’s even a 2 hour documentary at history channel. This prediction/event has a lot of people freaking out because they think they know that right now, they are spending their last days on earth. This can turn out either way and there is plenty of evidence that it will end but, also there’s evidence that it won’t. This might be true or, not! If you think it’s fake or not, just wait and see.

                 Planetary alignment?

There are a lot of theories saying that the apocalypse that will come to earth is based on a planetary alignment. Scientists said that no planetary alignment will happen in the next decades and that if a planetary alignment did happen; the effects would be negligible by earth which will lead to no apocalypse at all. Also, scientists say that during the planetary alignment, earth is polar caps will switch direction (in other words, earth will be upside down). Other scientists say that a polar shift won’t happen for the next 1,000 years. The main reason a polar shift is lethal to earth is because it will move the earth in a matter of hours which will cause a dramatic effect on the earth’s plates which will well likely make them collide. This will cause; Massive earthquakes and Tsunamis. Also people have said that a polar shift would cause the earth’s magnetic field would totally disappear which may lead to much more UV rays (ultra violet radiation) from the sun to get to us. This will lead to absolutely no life on earth. Another reason people think the world will end is because of something called, galactic alignment. Though, scientists have seen in their research that now, our poles are moving 40 miles every year to the opposite direction. Still, an immediate pole shift won’t be possible.

Nibiru/Planet X or Eris? Galactic alignment?

A Galactic alignment is when the sun aligns with the galactic equator (during the December solstice). The galactic equator is for example the middle of our galaxy (Milky Way) or like the equator of the galaxy.

                                                        

The galactic equator is on the 0 degree line because it runs right through that galaxy. Just like our equator is at 0 degrees and runs through our planet. It was claimed that a planet named Nibiru (planet discovered by Sumerians) is coming to earth. That first predicted impact was in May of 2003 and since nothing happened it was moved to December of the year 2012. Plus, if there was a planet projected to impact earth, it will be very possible the scientists would have already spotted this planet years before today. There is no Nibiru, Planet X nor Eris. This is all fictitious.   

                               

                 Mayan Calendar?

The Mayan calendar is also wrong as Scientists says, the end of the Mayan calendar doesn’t mean it’s the end of the world; it is the end of the Mayan long count period. A long count is when one of the wheels of the Mayan calendar has finished and then it starts all over back to the day of January 1^st. The Mayans also studied astronomy to predict the future (the stars would tell or give them signs). One sign that they found was stars sorted out which showed the illustration of a guy with an arrow pointing at the numbers “2012”. This could have just been a misunderstanding or just ordinary stars that got seemed in that way. But this doesn’t mean anything in our modern day astronomy. Stars giving signs or any other type of signs don’t mean anything because it is a sign, not a fact. Also Mayan artifacts have been found that refer to the years after 2012 which means that the Mayans didn’t think that the world was going to end neither.     

In conclusion, I agree that there is enough evidence to state that the world will not be ending on December 21^st, 2012. Everything that we thought would end it is mostly wrong. In some other things that were true doesn’t necessarily mean that the world is going to end. But is what I said was wrong, What will the future hold for us?